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| Named
Fund |
A fund established by, or named
for, an individual, family, corporation or other group to carry out the
charitable interests of the donor(s) or deceased/honoree. |
| Narrowcasting |
Involves directing messages to
a more highly differentiated and narrowly defined marketing niche. This
occurs through very selective buying in mass media and increased use of
specialized or targeted media. Narrowcasting is synonymous with direct marketing
(DM) and specialty advertising. |
| National
Change of Address (NCOA) |
A postal computer program that
tracks changes of address. |
| National
Survey on Giving, Volunteering and Participating |
The NSGVP is a comprehensive national
study which shows who Canada's donors and volunteers are, how Canadians
give and volunteer, which organizations they support, and their motivations
for giving and volunteering. It is a joint project of the Canadian Center
for Philanthropy, Canadian Heritage, Human Resources Development Canada,
Volunteer Canada, Health Canada, Statistics Canada, and the Kahanoff Foundation's
Non-profit Sector Research Initiative.
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| Nationalism |
Favoritism of the interests of
people from one nation over those from others. |
| Natural
Supports |
Supports provided to an employee
with a disability from supervisors and co-workers. These are particularly
effective because they enhance the social integration of the employee with
a disability with his or her co-workers and supervisor. In addition, natural
supports are more permanent, part of the workplace and more readily available
than paid job coaches, thereby facilitating long-term job retention. |
| Nav
Bar or Navigation |
The set of directional tools presented
on a Web site, or the hyperlinked options that when clicked on take you
to other sections of the site. The names on a nav bar are usually determined
by the titles of the sections within a given site.
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| Navigate |
The act of moving around the Web
by clicking on hypertext links (or paths) that take you from one Web page
to another.
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| Needs |
In fundraising terms, refers specifically
to the institution's dollar requirements that can constitute objectives,
for an intensive campaign or for a continuing fund development program. |
| Needs
Assessment |
An analysis that studies the needs
of a specific group and presents the results in a written statement detailing
those needs. It also identifies the actions required to fulfill these needs,
for the purpose of program development and implementation. |
| Negligence |
Failure to exercise the care toward
others that a reasonable or prudent person would do in the circumstances,
or taking action which a reasonable person would not. |
| Negotiated
Service Agreement |
An organization can negotiate
with the USPS for a special rate based on how the organization can prepare
their mailing to make life easier for the Postal Service, thereby saving
the Postal Service money.
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| Negotiation |
The process of discussion and
give-and-take between two or more disputants who seek to find a solution
to a common problem. |
| Net
Assets |
Excess of the value of securities
owned, cash, receivables, and other assets over the liabilities of the organization. |
| Net
Income |
Excess or deficit of total revenues
and gains compared with total expenses and losses for an accounting period. |
| Network |
Individuals or organizations who
share information, ideas, resources or goals to accomplish individual or
group goals.
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| Network
Computing |
A collection of two or more computers
and associated devices that are linked together with communications equipment.
Once connected, each part of the network can share the software, hardware,
and information contained in the other parts.
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| Networking |
Exchanging information for mutual
benefit. |
| New
Grantmaker |
Organization or corporation entering
into the field of grantmaking or corporate giving.
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| News
Conference |
An event where people make themselves
available in a formal manner to reporters who wish to question them.
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| News
Feed |
A grouping of syndicated or network
news reports and video news releases (VNR) story packages sent via satellite
to affiliates for airing and editing as the recipients see fit. |
| News
Feed |
Electronically transmitted boradcast
information.
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| Newsgroups |
A forum for sharing information
that allows users to post messages and reply to other users.
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| Newsreader |
A program that lets you read,
download, and reply to the newsgroup messages you want.
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| NIC |
Network Interface Card. An adapter
card that physically connects a computer to a network cable. Pronounced
"nick".
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| NICRUT |
Net Income Charitable Remainder
Unitrust. |
| NIMCRUT |
Acronym for Net Income Charitable
Remainder Unitrust with Makeup Provisions. Example: A charitable remainder
unitrust which calls for payment to the recipient of 5% of the annual value
of the trust's assets but not more than the actual net income of the trust,
except that in any year in which net income exceeds 5% of the trust's value
for that year, the trustee must distribute that excess to makeup deficits
from years in which the net income was less than the 5% of the value.
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| Noise |
Confusion caused by too many messages
trying to be delivered at one time.
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| Nominating
Committee |
Responsible for the nominations
of future board members. This committee evaluates the board's composition
and identifies needs. The Nominating Committee then compiles a list of names
who fit the needs of the board and who can assist in the achievement of
the organization's strategic plan. The Chair of the Nominating Committee
should have a broad knowledge of the community to reach out to appropriate
people to fill board positions.
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| Nominations |
Presidential appointments to office
subject to Senate confirmation.
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| Non
Endowed Fund |
In contrast to endowed funds that
can only make grants from income earned, non endowed funds can be used entirely
for grants, including cash from the principal. Donors often extend the life
of the fund through additional gifts and selected grantmaking, as in the
case of a donor advised fund. |
| Non-Discretionary
Fund |
Funds given to support a particular
organization selected by the donor at the time of the gift. |
| Non-Governmental
Organization (NGO) |
The United Nations' term for a
nonprofit organization, which is not fully funded or controlled by government
and which is promoting human well being on a not-for-profit basis. When
it exists in only one country, it will be considered as a national NGO,
and when it exists in a number of countries in the Region it will be considered
as a regional NGO. The organization should have a legally established constitution,
a clear purpose and visible activities with a governing body, which has
the authority to speak for its members. It may or may not be affiliated
to an international organization. |
| Nongermane
Amendment |
An amendment that would add new
and different subject matter to, or may be irrelevant to, the bill or other
measure it seeks to amend. |
| Nonparticipant
Observer |
A person whose role is clearly
defined to project participants and project personnel as an outside observer
or onlooker. |
| Nonpartisan
Analysis, Study or Research |
An exception to the IRS definition
of lobbying contained in section 501(h), it includes analysis, study or
research that addresses both sides of an issue and is distributed to people
on both sides of the issue.
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| Nonprofit |
Organizations which have tax-exempt
status under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3) but are not private
foundations under Internal Revenue Code Section 509 or else they are among
those rare "operating" private foundations (private foundations who implement
programs similar to public charities). These organizations are tax-exempt
and contributions to them are tax deductible under such Internal Revenue
Code Sections as 170, 642, 2055, and 2522. |
| Nonprofit
Dynamics |
The interactions and methods of
nonprofit operations. |
| Nonprofit
Life Stages |
Various phases of nonprofit development,
from startup, to growth, to dissolution. |
| Nonprofit
Organization |
Organizations that have tax-exempt
status under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3) but are not private
foundations under Internal Revenue Code Section 509. These organizations
are tax exempt and contributions to them are tax deductible under such Internal
Revenue Code Sections as 170, 642, 2055, and 2522. A nonprofit is governed
by a volunteer board of directors, operated for public benefit, and whose
business is not conducted for profit. Organizations of this type are said
to belong to the nonprofit or third sector. They are neither government
(public sector) nor business (private sector). |
| Nonprofit
Sector |
Those organizations that are private,
nongovernmental and seek to serve the public good without the motivation
of profit. |
| Norm-Referenced
Tests |
Tests that measure the relative
performance of the individual or group by comparison with the performance
of other individuals or groups taking the same test. |
| Normative
Question |
A type of evaluation question
requiring comparison between what is happening (the condition) to norms,
expectations, and standards for what should be happening (the criterion). |
| Not-For-Profit
Organization |
Organizations that have tax-exempt
status under Internal Revenue Code Section 501(c)(3) but are not private
foundations under Internal Revenue Code Section 509. These organizations
are tax exempt and contributions to them are tax deductible under such Internal
Revenue Code Sections as 170, 642, 2055, and 2522. A nonprofit is governed
by a volunteer board of directors, operated for public benefit, and whose
business is not conducted for profit. Organizations of this type are said
to belong to the nonprofit or third sector. They are neither government
(public sector) nor business (private sector). |
| Noun |
Name of a person, place, thing,
quality or action (words such as desk, computer, frustration, or technology).
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| NTFS |
New Technology File System. A
file system designed for use specifically with the Windows operating system.
It supports long file names, full security access control, file system recovery,
extremely large storage media, and various features for the Windows Portable
Operating System Interface.
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Glossary information provided by the Nonprofit Good Practice Guide, a project of the Philanthropic and Nonprofit Knowledge Management Initiative (PNKM) at the Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy & Nonprofit Leadership.
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